Friday Afternoon Pairs, Friday Aft, June 6, 2008 RESULTS OF BOARD 1 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 100 0.00 7.00 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 1-Foster-Marcott 400 6.50 0.50 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 6-Emmert-Emerson 120 2.00 5.00 5-Beam-Shelley vs 8-Thompson-Noelke 180 4.50 2.50 6-Burns-Chimene vs 10-Palmer-Sowell 120 2.00 5.00 7-Inks-White vs 3-Williams-Martin 180 4.50 2.50 8-Hull-Lantz vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 400 6.50 0.50 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 7-Garman-Garman 120 2.00 5.00 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 9-Graves-Lake ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 2 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 110 0.50 6.50 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 1-Foster-Marcott 50 5.00 2.00 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 6-Emmert-Emerson 90 3.50 3.50 5-Beam-Shelley vs 8-Thompson-Noelke 200 7.00 0.00 6-Burns-Chimene vs 10-Palmer-Sowell 90 3.50 3.50 7-Inks-White vs 3-Williams-Martin 110 0.50 6.50 8-Hull-Lantz vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 170 6.00 1.00 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 7-Garman-Garman 100 2.00 5.00 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 9-Graves-Lake ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 3 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 660 0.00 7.00 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 1-Foster-Marcott 200 5.00 2.00 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 6-Emmert-Emerson 400 7.00 0.00 5-Beam-Shelley vs 8-Thompson-Noelke 100 3.50 3.50 6-Burns-Chimene vs 10-Palmer-Sowell 620 2.00 5.00 7-Inks-White vs 3-Williams-Martin 630 1.00 6.00 8-Hull-Lantz vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 100 3.50 3.50 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 7-Garman-Garman 300 6.00 1.00 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 9-Graves-Lake ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 4 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 630 2.00 5.00 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 10-Palmer-Sowell 630 2.00 5.00 2-Margolin-Baker vs 2-Glathar-Parchman 660 6.00 1.00 5-Beam-Shelley vs 7-Garman-Garman 630 2.00 5.00 6-Burns-Chimene vs 9-Graves-Lake 630 2.00 5.00 7-Inks-White vs 1-Foster-Marcott 660 6.00 1.00 8-Hull-Lantz vs 4-Gates-Kastner 660 6.00 1.00 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 6-Emmert-Emerson 630 2.00 5.00 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 8-Thompson-Noelke ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 5 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 110 6.50 0.50 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 10-Palmer-Sowell 170 2.50 4.50 2-Margolin-Baker vs 2-Glathar-Parchman 90 4.50 2.50 5-Beam-Shelley vs 7-Garman-Garman 90 4.50 2.50 6-Burns-Chimene vs 9-Graves-Lake 170 2.50 4.50 7-Inks-White vs 1-Foster-Marcott 800 0.00 7.00 8-Hull-Lantz vs 4-Gates-Kastner 110 6.50 0.50 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 6-Emmert-Emerson 300 1.00 6.00 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 8-Thompson-Noelke ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 6 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 100 4.00 3.00 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 10-Palmer-Sowell 100 4.00 3.00 2-Margolin-Baker vs 2-Glathar-Parchman 500 7.00 0.00 5-Beam-Shelley vs 7-Garman-Garman 300 6.00 1.00 6-Burns-Chimene vs 9-Graves-Lake 300 1.00 6.00 7-Inks-White vs 1-Foster-Marcott 100 2.00 5.00 8-Hull-Lantz vs 4-Gates-Kastner 100 4.00 3.00 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 6-Emmert-Emerson 500 0.00 7.00 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 8-Thompson-Noelke ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 7 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 600 6.00 1.00 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 9-Graves-Lake 100 3.00 4.00 2-Margolin-Baker vs 1-Foster-Marcott 200 0.50 6.50 3-Redford-Aufill vs 3-Williams-Martin 100 3.00 4.00 6-Burns-Chimene vs 8-Thompson-Noelke 100 3.00 4.00 7-Inks-White vs 10-Palmer-Sowell 200 0.50 6.50 8-Hull-Lantz vs 2-Glathar-Parchman 630 7.00 0.00 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 90 5.00 2.00 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 7-Garman-Garman ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 8 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 140 2.00 5.00 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 9-Graves-Lake 420 0.00 7.00 2-Margolin-Baker vs 1-Foster-Marcott 50 4.50 2.50 3-Redford-Aufill vs 3-Williams-Martin 100 6.00 1.00 6-Burns-Chimene vs 8-Thompson-Noelke 50 4.50 2.50 7-Inks-White vs 10-Palmer-Sowell 140 2.00 5.00 8-Hull-Lantz vs 2-Glathar-Parchman 140 2.00 5.00 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 130 7.00 0.00 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 7-Garman-Garman ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 9 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 130 3.50 3.50 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 9-Graves-Lake 130 3.50 3.50 2-Margolin-Baker vs 1-Foster-Marcott 200 6.50 0.50 3-Redford-Aufill vs 3-Williams-Martin 110 1.00 6.00 6-Burns-Chimene vs 8-Thompson-Noelke 200 6.50 0.50 7-Inks-White vs 10-Palmer-Sowell 130 3.50 3.50 8-Hull-Lantz vs 2-Glathar-Parchman 50 0.00 7.00 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 130 3.50 3.50 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 7-Garman-Garman ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 10 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 100 5.50 1.50 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 8-Thompson-Noelke 170 0.50 6.50 2-Margolin-Baker vs 10-Palmer-Sowell 110 4.00 3.00 3-Redford-Aufill vs 2-Glathar-Parchman 140 2.50 4.50 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 4-Gates-Kastner 140 2.50 4.50 7-Inks-White vs 9-Graves-Lake 500 7.00 0.00 8-Hull-Lantz vs 1-Foster-Marcott 170 0.50 6.50 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 3-Williams-Martin 100 5.50 1.50 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 6-Emmert-Emerson ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 11 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 450 3.50 3.50 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 8-Thompson-Noelke 50 0.00 7.00 2-Margolin-Baker vs 10-Palmer-Sowell 480 6.00 1.00 3-Redford-Aufill vs 2-Glathar-Parchman 230 2.00 5.00 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 4-Gates-Kastner 480 6.00 1.00 7-Inks-White vs 9-Graves-Lake 480 6.00 1.00 8-Hull-Lantz vs 1-Foster-Marcott 100 1.00 6.00 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 3-Williams-Martin 450 3.50 3.50 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 6-Emmert-Emerson ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 12 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 210 2.00 5.00 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 8-Thompson-Noelke 200 1.00 6.00 2-Margolin-Baker vs 10-Palmer-Sowell 600 4.00 3.00 3-Redford-Aufill vs 2-Glathar-Parchman 630 6.50 0.50 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 4-Gates-Kastner 600 4.00 3.00 7-Inks-White vs 9-Graves-Lake 500 0.00 7.00 8-Hull-Lantz vs 1-Foster-Marcott 630 6.50 0.50 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 3-Williams-Martin 600 4.00 3.00 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 6-Emmert-Emerson ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 13 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 140 1.50 5.50 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 7-Garman-Garman 140 1.50 5.50 2-Margolin-Baker vs 9-Graves-Lake 140 1.50 5.50 3-Redford-Aufill vs 1-Foster-Marcott 140 1.50 5.50 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 3-Williams-Martin 110 5.50 1.50 5-Beam-Shelley vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 110 5.50 1.50 8-Hull-Lantz vs 10-Palmer-Sowell 110 5.50 1.50 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 2-Glathar-Parchman 110 5.50 1.50 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 4-Gates-Kastner ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 14 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 50 5.50 1.50 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 7-Garman-Garman 50 7.00 0.00 2-Margolin-Baker vs 9-Graves-Lake 180 1.00 6.00 3-Redford-Aufill vs 1-Foster-Marcott 200 0.00 7.00 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 3-Williams-Martin 90 4.00 3.00 5-Beam-Shelley vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 100 2.50 4.50 8-Hull-Lantz vs 10-Palmer-Sowell 50 5.50 1.50 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 2-Glathar-Parchman 100 2.50 4.50 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 4-Gates-Kastner ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 15 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 100 3.00 4.00 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 7-Garman-Garman 100 1.50 5.50 2-Margolin-Baker vs 9-Graves-Lake 100 1.50 5.50 3-Redford-Aufill vs 1-Foster-Marcott 300 0.00 7.00 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 3-Williams-Martin 300 6.50 0.50 5-Beam-Shelley vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 130 5.00 2.00 8-Hull-Lantz vs 10-Palmer-Sowell 110 4.00 3.00 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 2-Glathar-Parchman 300 6.50 0.50 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 4-Gates-Kastner ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 16 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 150 0.50 6.50 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 90 4.00 3.00 2-Margolin-Baker vs 8-Thompson-Noelke 100 2.00 5.00 3-Redford-Aufill vs 10-Palmer-Sowell 100 6.00 1.00 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 2-Glathar-Parchman 110 7.00 0.00 5-Beam-Shelley vs 4-Gates-Kastner 90 4.00 3.00 6-Burns-Chimene vs 6-Emmert-Emerson 150 0.50 6.50 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 1-Foster-Marcott 90 4.00 3.00 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 3-Williams-Martin ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 17 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 100 1.50 5.50 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 170 4.50 2.50 2-Margolin-Baker vs 8-Thompson-Noelke 150 0.00 7.00 3-Redford-Aufill vs 10-Palmer-Sowell 420 6.50 0.50 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 2-Glathar-Parchman 420 6.50 0.50 5-Beam-Shelley vs 4-Gates-Kastner 170 4.50 2.50 6-Burns-Chimene vs 6-Emmert-Emerson 100 3.00 4.00 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 1-Foster-Marcott 100 1.50 5.50 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 3-Williams-Martin ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 18 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 200 1.00 6.00 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 50 5.00 2.00 2-Margolin-Baker vs 8-Thompson-Noelke 400 0.00 7.00 3-Redford-Aufill vs 10-Palmer-Sowell 50 5.00 2.00 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 2-Glathar-Parchman 120 2.00 5.00 5-Beam-Shelley vs 4-Gates-Kastner 50 5.00 2.00 6-Burns-Chimene vs 6-Emmert-Emerson 100 7.00 0.00 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 1-Foster-Marcott 110 3.00 4.00 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 3-Williams-Martin ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 19 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 140 5.00 2.00 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 4-Gates-Kastner 130 1.50 5.50 2-Margolin-Baker vs 6-Emmert-Emerson 420 7.00 0.00 3-Redford-Aufill vs 9-Graves-Lake 300 6.00 1.00 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 1-Foster-Marcott 50 3.50 3.50 5-Beam-Shelley vs 3-Williams-Martin 130 1.50 5.50 6-Burns-Chimene vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 150 0.00 7.00 7-Inks-White vs 7-Garman-Garman 50 3.50 3.50 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 2-Glathar-Parchman ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 20 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 1430 4.00 3.00 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 4-Gates-Kastner 1440 2.00 5.00 2-Margolin-Baker vs 6-Emmert-Emerson 1440 2.00 5.00 3-Redford-Aufill vs 9-Graves-Lake 1440 2.00 5.00 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 1-Foster-Marcott 680 7.00 0.00 5-Beam-Shelley vs 3-Williams-Martin 1470 0.00 7.00 6-Burns-Chimene vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 690 6.00 1.00 7-Inks-White vs 7-Garman-Garman 720 5.00 2.00 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 2-Glathar-Parchman ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 21 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 90 5.50 1.50 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 4-Gates-Kastner 150 1.00 6.00 2-Margolin-Baker vs 6-Emmert-Emerson 90 5.50 1.50 3-Redford-Aufill vs 9-Graves-Lake 120 3.00 4.00 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 1-Foster-Marcott 180 0.00 7.00 5-Beam-Shelley vs 3-Williams-Martin 120 3.00 4.00 6-Burns-Chimene vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 100 7.00 0.00 7-Inks-White vs 7-Garman-Garman 120 3.00 4.00 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 2-Glathar-Parchman ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 22 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 50 5.00 2.00 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 3-Williams-Martin 50 5.00 2.00 2-Margolin-Baker vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 100 7.00 0.00 3-Redford-Aufill vs 7-Garman-Garman 140 3.00 4.00 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 10-Palmer-Sowell 790 0.00 7.00 5-Beam-Shelley vs 2-Glathar-Parchman 620 1.50 5.50 6-Burns-Chimene vs 4-Gates-Kastner 50 5.00 2.00 7-Inks-White vs 6-Emmert-Emerson 620 1.50 5.50 8-Hull-Lantz vs 8-Thompson-Noelke ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 23 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 200 6.00 1.00 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 3-Williams-Martin 200 6.00 1.00 2-Margolin-Baker vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 150 2.00 5.00 3-Redford-Aufill vs 7-Garman-Garman 200 6.00 1.00 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 10-Palmer-Sowell 150 2.00 5.00 5-Beam-Shelley vs 2-Glathar-Parchman 150 2.00 5.00 6-Burns-Chimene vs 4-Gates-Kastner 150 2.00 5.00 7-Inks-White vs 6-Emmert-Emerson 150 2.00 5.00 8-Hull-Lantz vs 8-Thompson-Noelke ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 24 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 420 5.50 1.50 1-Hinich-Fiegel vs 3-Williams-Martin 140 3.00 4.00 2-Margolin-Baker vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 420 5.50 1.50 3-Redford-Aufill vs 7-Garman-Garman 100 0.00 7.00 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 10-Palmer-Sowell 420 5.50 1.50 5-Beam-Shelley vs 2-Glathar-Parchman 50 1.50 5.50 6-Burns-Chimene vs 4-Gates-Kastner 50 1.50 5.50 7-Inks-White vs 6-Emmert-Emerson 420 5.50 1.50 8-Hull-Lantz vs 8-Thompson-Noelke ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 25 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 490 7.00 0.00 2-Margolin-Baker vs 4-Gates-Kastner 480 4.00 3.00 3-Redford-Aufill vs 6-Emmert-Emerson 170 0.00 7.00 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 8-Thompson-Noelke 460 1.00 6.00 5-Beam-Shelley vs 1-Foster-Marcott 480 4.00 3.00 6-Burns-Chimene vs 3-Williams-Martin 480 4.00 3.00 7-Inks-White vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 480 4.00 3.00 8-Hull-Lantz vs 7-Garman-Garman 480 4.00 3.00 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 9-Graves-Lake ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 26 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 600 4.50 2.50 2-Margolin-Baker vs 4-Gates-Kastner 110 1.00 6.00 3-Redford-Aufill vs 6-Emmert-Emerson 200 0.00 7.00 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 8-Thompson-Noelke 120 2.00 5.00 5-Beam-Shelley vs 1-Foster-Marcott 600 4.50 2.50 6-Burns-Chimene vs 3-Williams-Martin 200 3.00 4.00 7-Inks-White vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 650 6.50 0.50 8-Hull-Lantz vs 7-Garman-Garman 650 6.50 0.50 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 9-Graves-Lake ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 27 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 480 4.50 2.50 2-Margolin-Baker vs 4-Gates-Kastner 480 4.50 2.50 3-Redford-Aufill vs 6-Emmert-Emerson 480 4.50 2.50 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 8-Thompson-Noelke 980 0.50 6.50 5-Beam-Shelley vs 1-Foster-Marcott 480 4.50 2.50 6-Burns-Chimene vs 3-Williams-Martin 510 2.00 5.00 7-Inks-White vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 450 7.00 0.00 8-Hull-Lantz vs 7-Garman-Garman 980 0.50 6.50 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 9-Graves-Lake ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 28 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 430 2.50 4.50 3-Redford-Aufill vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 430 2.50 4.50 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 7-Garman-Garman 430 2.50 4.50 5-Beam-Shelley vs 9-Graves-Lake 430 2.50 4.50 6-Burns-Chimene vs 2-Glathar-Parchman 400 6.00 1.00 7-Inks-White vs 4-Gates-Kastner 400 6.00 1.00 8-Hull-Lantz vs 6-Emmert-Emerson 400 6.00 1.00 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 8-Thompson-Noelke 490 0.00 7.00 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 10-Palmer-Sowell ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 29 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 680 2.00 5.00 3-Redford-Aufill vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 1430 6.50 0.50 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 7-Garman-Garman 680 2.00 5.00 5-Beam-Shelley vs 9-Graves-Lake 680 2.00 5.00 6-Burns-Chimene vs 2-Glathar-Parchman 1430 6.50 0.50 7-Inks-White vs 4-Gates-Kastner 680 2.00 5.00 8-Hull-Lantz vs 6-Emmert-Emerson 710 5.00 2.00 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 8-Thompson-Noelke 680 2.00 5.00 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 10-Palmer-Sowell ---------------------------------------------------------------------- RESULTS OF BOARD 30 SCORES MATCHPOINTS NAMES N-S E-W N-S E-W 140 5.00 2.00 3-Redford-Aufill vs 5-Cavanaugh-Hudson 100 2.00 5.00 4-Lehrburger-Lehrburger vs 7-Garman-Garman 110 3.00 4.00 5-Beam-Shelley vs 9-Graves-Lake 50 0.00 7.00 6-Burns-Chimene vs 2-Glathar-Parchman 50 1.00 6.00 7-Inks-White vs 4-Gates-Kastner 140 5.00 2.00 8-Hull-Lantz vs 6-Emmert-Emerson 140 5.00 2.00 9-Pflugbeil-Mayer vs 8-Thompson-Noelke 570 7.00 0.00 10-Ahmed-Bowles vs 10-Palmer-Sowell ----------------------------------------------------------------------